What Is a Tracking Pixel and How It Works?
cookies : are the data stored in the form of key-value pairs that are used to store information about the user on their computer by the websites that the users browse and use it to verify them. authorization : is a security mechanism to determine access levels or user/client privileges related to system resources including files, services, computer programs, data and application features. access control : is a security technique that regulates who or what can view or use resources in a computing environment. It is a fundamental concept in security that minimizes risk to the business or organization. conditional rendering : refers to the process of delivering elements and components based on certain conditions.
What is Redux?
Redux is an open-source library to improve the predictability of the state in a JavaScript application. It is an independent library. It is commonly used with other libraries like React and Angular for better state management of the application. Redux was created by Dan Abramov in 2015 to handle complex state management in an efficient way.

As we discussed earlier, the main purpose of Redux is to provide predictable state management in our applications. Redux achieves this by having a single source of truth, that is a single state tree. The state tree is a simple JavaScript object which holds the whole state of our application. There are only a few ways to interact with the state. And this makes it easy for us to debug or track our state.
Rule #1 — Single source of truth
The state of your whole application is stored in an object tree within a single store.
The ways you can interact with a state tree are:
A store is a single unit that holds the state tree and the methods to interact with the state tree. There is no other way to interact with a state inside the store except through these given methods.
Let’s talk about the methods a store gives us to interact with the state.
getState() — Returns the current state of the application.
dispatch(action) — The only way to update a state is by dispatching an action and dispatch(action) serves the purpose.
subscribe(listener) — The purpose of this method is to listen for the state changes. Every time a state is changed, it will be called and will return the updated state.
replaceReducer(nextReducer) — Replaces the reducer currently used by the store to calculate the state.
The only way to update a state is to dispatch an action. This is the 2nd rule.
Rule #2 — State is read-only
An action is a plain JavaScript object to keep track of the specific event taking place in the application. What makes it special is a ‘type’ property which is a necessary part of it.
Rule#3 — Changes are made with pure functions
Magic happens here. We need a simple pure function, which, as a parameter, takes the current state of the application and an action to perform on the state, and then returns the updated state. These functions are called reducers.
An intro to Redux and how state is updated in a Redux application